Low Back Pain  Anesthesiologic Approaches  Neurostimulatory Approaches  Pharmacological Management  Psychological- Mind/Body Approaches  Rehabilitative Approaches  Surgical Approaches Conventional Approaches Surgical Approaches Surgery (such as laminectomy, discectomy, or spinal fusion procedures) or another invasive approach targeted to the source of the pain (such as intradiscal electrothermal therapy) may be appropriate under certain conditions: when the imaging studies and electrodiagnostic studies strongly suggest that correction of a specific problem can help when the procedure to correct the lesion is feasible when the potential benefits outweigh the risks when there are no other less invasive approaches available. A role for an invasive approach is most clear when there is a correctable neurological problem. If the problem is pain alone, particularly chronic pain, the use of surgery must be carefully considered and compared to the potential use of pain relieving therapies.